![]() ![]() However, gangue minerals would be discarded after the sorting process despite the microwave energy absorbed during their treatment. The combined microwave-assisted sorting and microwave-assisted comminution of minerals has been proposed to reduce the huge grinding energy consumption in mineral processing. Depending on the sample texture and degree of phosphorus liberation, more than 59 % phosphorus removal can be obtained. Significantly affecting the result of ultrasonic treatment. The results indicate that microwave pretreatment should be considered as a factor The results of ultrasound treatment showed that a significant increase in iron grade and a reduction in phosphorus content of the product can be obtained. The results have indicated that microwave heating increase liberation, improves magnetic properties and reduces the processing time of iron ore. The findings into the microwave treatment of high phosphorus iron ore are quite promising. This objective can be obtained through a combination of microwave pretreatment and physical separation methods. ![]() The aims of this present work are to study the possibility of the usage of microwave treatment to remove phosphorus from high phosphorus iron ore on a laboratory scale. ![]() Not being cost-effective, being overly time consuming and having low iron recovery. However, these methods have disadvantages, such as causing environmental pollution, For the utilization of high phosphorus oolitic iron ore, many hydrometallurgical and pyrometallurgical processes have been proposed. Deposits of high-phosphorus iron ores are widely spread worldwide, but the use of these deposits in industry is limited owing to the high phosphorus content, which affects the cost of the iron making process and the quality of the produced steel. For this reason, the iron and steel industry is facing the risk of a raw material shortage. There is a rapidly increasing demand for iron resources with the fast-paced development of the iron and steel industry. Based on energy reduction, safety, costs, stage of application, and downstream benefits, microwave and electrical pretreatment methods may be focused for applications in the mining industry. Findings also showed that magnetic, radiofrequency, and bio-milling methods have not led to significant reductions in comminution energy. The former and the latter have been piloted for gold and carbonate ore, respectively. The results of ore pretreatment using electric and ultrasonic methods showed up to 24% and 66% improvement in energy consumption, respectively. The microwave pretreatment results showed positive improvements at pilot scale mining applications in 2017. Results showed that the chemical pretreatment method has been used at an industrial scale since 1930, mainly in cement production. It was found that pretreatment methods include thermal (via oven, microwave, or radiofrequency), chemical additive, electric, magnetic, ultrasonic, and bio-milling. Hence, this paper aims at collating the different ore pretreatment methods with their applications and results from published articles, conference proceedings, and verified reports. However, the results of pretreatment methods and their technological development are scattered in literature. Therefore, different pretreatment methods of ores prior to their comminution are considered to reduce this energy. The comminution of ores consumes a high portion of energy. Crystallinity of hematite increased with the microwave exposure time. The heating rate of iron ore showed that microwave treatment was less efficient at smaller particle sizes for a fixed applied power density. Percentages of fraction ≤ −0.125 mm increased from 46.6% to 59.76% with increased exposure time from 0 to 60 seconds. The results indicated that intergranular fractures formed between the gangues (fluorapatite and chamosite) and hematite after microwave treatment, leading to improved liberation of iron ore and a significant reduction in comminution energy. Crystallinity of hematite was characterized before and after microwave pretreatment. ![]() The heating rate of high phosphorus oolitic iron ore was studied. The microfractures and cracks of the samples were characterized before and after microwave treatments. The effect of microwave power, exposure time and grain size on the liberation of iron ore was investigated. The influence of microwave treatment on the liberation of iron ore from the high phosphorus oo-litic iron ore from Aswan region, Egypt was studied. ![]()
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